Fuel — the bonding curve
Each mission trades against its own curve inside the Tzero launchpad (a constant-product curve on virtual reserves, like pump.fun):
- 793,100,000 tokens (79.31 %) are sold on the curve.
- 206,900,000 tokens (20.69 %) are reserved for liquidity at liftoff.
- Price rises with every buy and falls with every sell. Rounding always favours the curve.
- Fuel = tokens sold ÷ 793,100,000. The gauge on every mission shows it, with the exact amount of native needed to reach liftoff.
- A 1 % fee is taken on every buy and sell (see Fees).
Testnet calibration: a mission lifts off after roughly 0.28 ETH of net buys (virtual native reserve 0.1 ETH). Mainnet parameters will be published before launch.
Slippage: the trade panel uses 1 % by default (editable 0.1–50 %). If the price moves more than that before your transaction lands, it reverts and nothing is traded.
Constant-Product Bonding Curve Mathematics
The TZero Fun (Tzer0 fun) bonding curve uses a virtual-reserve constant-product invariant modeled on Uniswap v2 math so pricing is continuous, predictable, and resistant to manipulation.
Virtual vs. Real Reserves Explained
At launch (`T-0`), the curve initializes with virtual ETH reserve vE = 1.2 ETH and virtual token reserve vT = 1,000,000,000 tokens, yielding constant product k = 1.2 * 10^9. Only 800,000,000 tokens are sellable from the curve. When 2.0 ETH of net real ETH is deposited into the curve, virtual ETH reaches 3.2 ETH, virtual tokens reach 375,000,000, and the curve has sold 625,000,000 tokens—triggering automatic Liftoff.
Price Impact & Slippage Protection
The TZero Fun trading terminal calculates exact output amounts on-chain via quoteBuy and quoteSell and applies your chosen slippage tolerance (`minimumOut` / `minEthOut`) so transactions revert safely if price moves beyond your limit.